:root {
  --paper: #f4f0e7;
  --paper-deep: #e8e1d3;
  --paper-light: #fbf8f1;
  --ink: #14201c;
  --muted: #5b625d;
  --green: #173b32;
  --green-light: #285346;
  --terracotta: #c76843;
  --terracotta-soft: #edc8b6;
  --line: rgba(20, 32, 28, 0.2);
  --line-light: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.25);
  --white: #fffdf8;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Baskerville", "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --chinese: "SimSun", "宋体", "Songti SC", serif;
  --shadow: 0 24px 60px rgba(28, 36, 31, 0.14);
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 92px;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

body.nav-open {
  overflow: hidden;
}

[lang="zh-Hans"] {
  font-family: var(--chinese);
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.24em;
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

button,
input,
textarea,
select {
  font: inherit;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
p,
figure {
  margin-top: 0;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4 {
  text-wrap: balance;
}

:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--terracotta);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

.shell {
  width: min(1220px, calc(100% - 64px));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  top: 12px;
  left: 12px;
  z-index: 1000;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--white);
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: translateY(-160%);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(244, 240, 231, 0.94);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
}

.header-inner {
  min-height: 78px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 32px;
}

.brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 12px;
  text-decoration: none;
  line-height: 1;
}

.brand-name {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.34rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.brand-cn {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.3125rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
}

.site-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(18px, 2.2vw, 34px);
}

.site-nav a {
  min-height: 44px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.site-nav a:not(.nav-cv)::after {
  content: "";
  width: 0;
  height: 1px;
  position: absolute;
  inset: auto 0 7px;
  background: currentColor;
  transition: width 180ms ease;
}

.site-nav a:not(.nav-cv) {
  position: relative;
}

.site-nav a:not(.nav-cv):hover::after,
.site-nav a:not(.nav-cv):focus-visible::after {
  width: 100%;
}

.nav-cv {
  padding: 0 17px;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  transition: background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.nav-cv:hover {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--white);
}

.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  min-width: 76px;
  min-height: 44px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.menu-icon,
.menu-icon::before,
.menu-icon::after {
  width: 20px;
  height: 1px;
  display: block;
  background: currentColor;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, opacity 180ms ease;
}

.menu-icon {
  position: relative;
}

.menu-icon::before,
.menu-icon::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
}

.menu-icon::before {
  top: -6px;
}

.menu-icon::after {
  top: 6px;
}

.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-icon {
  background: transparent;
}

.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-icon::before {
  top: 0;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.menu-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] .menu-icon::after {
  top: 0;
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}

.hero {
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 8% 8%, rgba(199, 104, 67, 0.12), transparent 28%),
    var(--paper);
}

.hero-grid {
  min-height: 690px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.04fr) minmax(380px, 0.82fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(48px, 7vw, 100px);
  padding-block: 72px 62px;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  color: inherit;
  font-size: 0.9375rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero h1 {
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(3.12rem, 5.4vw, 5.16rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.065em;
  line-height: 0.81;
}

.hero .eyebrow {
  font-size: 0.703125rem;
}

.hero-role {
  max-width: 570px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.2vw, 1.9rem);
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.hero-role a {
  text-decoration-color: var(--terracotta);
}

.hero-role-cn {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 0.35em;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: var(--chinese);
  font-size: 0.62em;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.hero-lede {
  max-width: 650px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.35vw, 1.16rem);
}

.hero-email {
  margin-top: -10px;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.35vw, 1.16rem);
}

.hero-email a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration-color: var(--terracotta);
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
}

.button {
  min-height: 48px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0 20px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 180ms ease, background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.button-primary {
  background: var(--green);
  color: var(--white);
}

.button-primary:hover {
  background: var(--green-light);
}

.button-secondary {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.button-secondary:hover {
  background: var(--paper-light);
}

.hero-portrait {
  position: relative;
  width: 66.667%;
  justify-self: center;
  margin: 0;
}

.hero-portrait::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 0;
  inset: 22px -22px -22px 22px;
  border-radius: 46% 46% 16px 16px;
  background: var(--green);
}

.portrait-frame {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  border-radius: 46% 46% 16px 16px;
  background: var(--paper-deep);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.portrait-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 58% center;
  filter: saturate(0.86) contrast(1.02);
}

.section {
  padding-block: 116px;
}

.section-header {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 0.85fr) minmax(340px, 1.15fr);
  align-items: end;
  gap: clamp(42px, 8vw, 120px);
  margin-bottom: 58px;
}

.section-header h2,
.contact-section h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.88;
}

.section-header h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2.533rem, 4.667vw, 4.533rem);
}

.contact-section h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 3.5vw, 3.4rem);
}

.section-header > p {
  max-width: 620px;
  margin-bottom: 7px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.section-header-solo {
  display: block;
}

.featured-paper {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 96px;
  padding: clamp(30px, 4vw, 52px);
  background: var(--green);
  color: var(--white);
}

.featured-paper::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 340px;
  height: 340px;
  right: -170px;
  bottom: -220px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.2);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 46px rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.035), 0 0 0 92px rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.025);
}

.featured-meta {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 52px;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
}

.featured-meta > span:last-child {
  color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.76);
}

.featured-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) max-content;
  align-items: end;
  gap: 40px;
}

.paper-field {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: var(--terracotta-soft);
  font-size: 0.71rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.featured-paper h3 {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.467rem, 3vw, 2.667rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.featured-paper h3 a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.featured-paper h3 a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--terracotta-soft);
}

.featured-paper .paper-authors {
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.8);
}

.featured-paper .paper-venue {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.8);
}

.round-link {
  min-height: 50px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-light);
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background 180ms ease, color 180ms ease;
}

.round-link:hover {
  background: var(--white);
  color: var(--green);
}

.status {
  width: fit-content;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  min-height: 26px;
  padding: 2px 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--green);
  color: var(--white);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  line-height: 1.2;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.status-accent {
  background: var(--terracotta-soft);
  color: #5c2412;
}

.status-outline {
  border: 1px solid var(--green);
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--green);
}

.research-area {
  padding-top: 44px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.research-area + .research-area {
  margin-top: 98px;
}

.area-header {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 76px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 28px;
  margin-bottom: 34px;
}

.area-index {
  padding-top: 7px;
  color: var(--terracotta);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.area-header h3 {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.875rem, 3.334vw, 3.166rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  line-height: 1;
}

.area-header p {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.paper-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  list-style: none;
}

.paper-list > li {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.paper {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 168px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 38px;
  padding: 34px 0 38px;
}

.paper-status {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 8px;
  padding-top: 4px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9375rem;
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

.paper-content h4 {
  max-width: 880px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.35vw, 1.9rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.018em;
  line-height: 1.28;
}

.paper-authors,
.paper-venue {
  max-width: 930px;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.paper-venue {
  font-style: italic;
}

.paper-venue strong {
  font-size: 1.1875rem;
}

.paper-actions {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: max-content minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: start;
  gap: 14px 24px;
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.paper-actions > a,
.abstract summary {
  min-height: 40px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  color: var(--green);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(23, 59, 50, 0.35);
  text-underline-offset: 0.34em;
}

.paper-actions > a:hover,
.abstract summary:hover {
  text-decoration-color: currentColor;
}

.abstract {
  min-width: 0;
}

.abstract summary {
  width: fit-content;
  cursor: pointer;
  list-style: none;
}

.abstract summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display: none;
}

.abstract summary::before {
  content: "+";
  width: 18px;
  display: inline-block;
  margin-right: 4px;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.abstract[open] summary::before {
  content: "−";
}

.abstract p {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 6px 0 0;
  padding: 16px 20px;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--terracotta);
  background: rgba(232, 225, 211, 0.42);
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.academic-section {
  background: var(--green);
  color: var(--white);
}

.section-header-light > p {
  color: rgba(255, 253, 248, 0.78);
}

.academic-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 18px;
}

.academic-card {
  min-height: 480px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 30px;
  background: var(--paper-light);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.academic-card > h3 {
  margin-bottom: 28px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 2.25rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

.course-list article,
.funding-item,
.education-list li {
  padding: 20px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.course-list article:last-child,
.education-list li:last-child {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.course-list span,
.funding-item span,
.education-list span {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9375rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.course-list h4,
.funding-item h4 {
  margin: 7px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.28rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.funding-item p {
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.education-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.education-list li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 48px 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.87rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.education-list strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.03rem;
}

.contact-section {
  padding-block: 108px;
  background: var(--terracotta);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(300px, 0.75fr);
  align-items: end;
  gap: clamp(48px, 10vw, 150px);
}

.contact-section h2 {
  max-width: 760px;
}

.contact-copy > p {
  max-width: 480px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.contact-email {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.4vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.contact-copy address {
  padding-top: 22px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(20, 32, 28, 0.35);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-style: normal;
}

.site-footer {
  background: var(--paper);
}

.footer-inner {
  min-height: 86px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
}

.footer-inner p {
  margin: 0;
}

.footer-inner div {
  display: flex;
  gap: 28px;
}

.footer-inner a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-inner a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero-grid {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(320px, 0.8fr);
    gap: 52px;
  }

  .academic-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }

  .academic-card:last-child {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
    min-height: auto;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  html {
    scroll-padding-top: 74px;
  }

  .shell {
    width: min(100% - 40px, 1220px);
  }

  .header-inner {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 72px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .js .menu-toggle {
    display: flex;
  }

  .site-nav {
    width: 100%;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0;
    padding-bottom: 18px;
  }

  .site-nav a {
    min-height: 48px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .site-nav a:not(.nav-cv)::after {
    display: none;
  }

  .nav-cv {
    width: fit-content;
    min-height: 44px !important;
    margin-top: 14px;
    padding-inline: 18px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink) !important;
  }

  .js .site-nav {
    position: absolute;
    top: calc(100% - 1px);
    left: -20px;
    width: calc(100% + 40px);
    padding: 12px 20px 26px;
    background: var(--paper);
    box-shadow: 0 24px 42px rgba(20, 32, 28, 0.12);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    transition: opacity 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease, visibility 180ms ease;
  }

  .js .site-nav.is-open {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    pointer-events: auto;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }

  .hero-grid {
    min-height: 0;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 56px;
    padding-block: 64px 48px;
  }

  .hero-copy {
    max-width: 720px;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(3.12rem, 10.2vw, 4.92rem);
  }

  .hero-portrait {
    width: min(66.667%, 480px);
  }

  .portrait-frame {
    aspect-ratio: 5 / 4;
    border-radius: 220px 220px 18px 18px;
  }

  .hero-portrait::before {
    border-radius: 220px 220px 18px 18px;
  }

  .section {
    padding-block: 88px;
  }

  .section-header,
  .contact-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    align-items: start;
    gap: 30px;
  }

  .section-header {
    margin-bottom: 46px;
  }

  .featured-paper {
    margin-bottom: 76px;
  }

  .featured-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    align-items: start;
  }

  .round-link {
    width: fit-content;
  }

  .paper {
    grid-template-columns: 130px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 28px;
  }

  .academic-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .academic-card,
  .academic-card:last-child {
    grid-column: auto;
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .contact-section {
    padding-block: 88px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .shell {
    width: min(100% - 32px, 1220px);
  }

  .brand-cn {
    display: none;
  }

  .js .site-nav {
    left: -16px;
    width: calc(100% + 32px);
    padding-inline: 16px;
  }

  .hero-grid {
    padding-top: 48px;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.55rem, 13.2vw, 3.84rem);
    line-height: 0.84;
  }

  .hero-role {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
  }

  .hero-actions {
    align-items: stretch;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .button {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-portrait::before {
    inset: 12px -10px -12px 10px;
  }

  .portrait-frame {
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
    border-radius: 46% 46% 14px 14px;
  }

  .hero-portrait::before {
    border-radius: 46% 46% 14px 14px;
  }

  .section {
    padding-block: 72px;
  }

  .section-header h2 {
    font-size: clamp(2.3rem, 11.333vw, 3.333rem);
  }

  .contact-section h2 {
    font-size: clamp(1.725rem, 8.5vw, 2.5rem);
  }

  .featured-paper {
    margin-inline: -16px;
    margin-bottom: 66px;
    padding: 28px 20px 32px;
  }

  .featured-meta {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
    margin-bottom: 38px;
  }

  .area-header {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 12px;
  }

  .area-index {
    padding-top: 0;
  }

  .research-area + .research-area {
    margin-top: 78px;
  }

  .paper {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 16px;
    padding-block: 28px 32px;
  }

  .paper-status {
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: center;
  }

  .paper-actions {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2px;
  }

  .paper-actions > a,
  .abstract summary {
    min-height: 44px;
  }

  .abstract p {
    padding: 14px 16px;
  }

  .academic-card {
    padding: 24px 20px;
  }

  .contact-section {
    padding-block: 72px;
  }

  .contact-email {
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

  .footer-inner {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
    padding-block: 24px;
  }

  .footer-inner div {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 12px 24px;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
  }
}